初中英语语法总结之介词
[导读] etween the hotel and the post office.在宾馆与邮局之间有所医院。The building stands between the park and the small river.那栋建筑位于公园和小河之间。between是指“在两者之间”，而among指“在多个之间”。④among在……之间(指三者以上)“There is a thief among you.” The policeman shouted to the crowd.警察向人群喊道：“你们中间有个小偷!”He found his place among the crowd.他在人群中找到了他的位置。2.on, above, over, below, under(1)on在……上面，表面相互接触。There is an apple on the table.桌上有一个苹果。On the top of the hill, there is a flag.山顶有一面旗子。(2)above只表示“在……
in与within后都必须跟时间段。
(二)表示“地点、方向”的介词：
1.In out side between, among
①in表示“在……里面”，如：
What’s in the box?盒子里是什么?
She put her book in the desk.她把书放进了书桌。
②outside指“在……外面”
There are many people out side the room.房间外有很多人。
What did you see out side the hall?你在大厅外看见了什么?
③between在……之间(指二者)
There is a hospital between the hotel and the post office.在宾馆与邮局之间有所医院。
The building stands between the park and the small river.那栋建筑位于公园和小河之间。
between是指“在两者之间”，而among指“在多个之间”。
④among在……之间(指三者以上)
“There is a thief among you.” The policeman shouted to the crowd.
警察向人群喊道：“你们中间有个小偷!”
He found his place among the crowd.他在人群中找到了他的位置。
2.on, above, over, below, under
(1)on在……上面，表面相互接触。
There is an apple on the table.桌上有一个苹果。
On the top of the hill, there is a flag.山顶有一面旗子。
(2)above只表示“在……上方或位置高出……”，与below相对。
A plane flew above our heads.一架飞机从我们头上飞过。
The Turners live above us.特纳一家人住在我们的上面。
(3)over“在……正上方”，与under相对。
There is a bridge over the river.河上有一座桥。
The picture is hanging over the blackboard.那张图挂在黑板的正上方。
(4)below在……下方，低于……
There are many flowers below the window.窗下有很多花。
Her skirt reaches just below her knees.她的裙子刚到膝盖下。
(5)under在……正下方
They sat under a big tree, drinking.他们坐在一棵大树下喝酒。
What are you wearing under your coat?你外套里面穿了什么?
3.near, by, beside
(1)near在……附近，与far相对
A hospital was built near the railway station.在火车站附近建了一所医院。
My hone is near the school.我的家离学校很近。
(2)by=beside,靠近，在……旁边，比near距离更近
He just sat by/ beside me in the cinema.在电影院他就坐在我旁边。
He lay down beside the statuary.他在雕像旁躺下了。
4.In front of, behind, around
(1)in front of在……前面
A river flows in front of the house.房子前有一条河
They put a bunch of flowers in front of the door.他们在门前放了一束花。
In the front of表示“在……前部”，指里面。
There is a red chair in the front of the room.在房间前半部有把红椅子。
(2)behind在……后面
A high building stands behind the village.村子后面有一高层建筑。
The cat lies behind the door.猫躺在门后面。
(3)around在……周围，围绕
There are many trees around the village.村子周围有很多树围绕。
There are flowers around the stage.舞台周围摆着鲜花。
5.from, to, for, into, out of
(1)from从……
The train started from Paris.火车发自巴黎。
She will fly from Beijing to Hong Kong.她将从北京飞往香港。
(2)to到……(目的地)去，向……
He went to Germany last year.他去年去了德国。
They got to the town very late.他们很晚才到那个镇。
(3)for向……，表目的方向
He left for Tianjin on business yesterday.他昨天出差去天津了。
The train for Shanghai has been away.去往上海的火车已经开走了。
towards, to和for都可表示“向……”，其区别如下：
①towards仅指朝向某个方向，不一定是目的地，而to和for都是“向目的地”。
②for作“向(目的地)”时，常用于固定搭配中，如：leave for; start for
(4)into进入
Please put the water into the bottle.请把水倒入瓶子里。
The teacher came into the classroom with a smile.老师微笑着走进了教室。
(5)out of从……出来
A beautiful girl in red went out of the shop.一个穿红衣服的漂亮女孩从商店里走了出来。
They pulled him out of the water.他们把他从水里拉了出来。
6.along, across, through
(1)along沿着
He likes to drive along the river.他喜欢沿着河开车。
There are all kinds of beautiful flowers along the road street.沿街有着各种美丽的花。
(2)across横穿
The little girl is afraid to go across the street.这个小女孩不敢横穿马路。
It’s dangerous to run across the busy road.跑着穿越繁忙的马路是很危险的。
(3)through穿过
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